How to check if a date is past due in Excel

Q: How do I highlight overdue rows instead?

Use the test as a conditional formatting rule on the whole table: =AND($C2="",$B2<TODAY()).

Q: How do I count overdue invoices?

Use COUNTIFS: =COUNTIFS(C2:C7,"",B2:B7,"<"&G1).

Formula (Excel and Google Sheets)

=IF(AND(C2="",B2<$G$1),"Overdue","")

Flag unpaid rows whose due date is before today: =IF(AND(C2="",B2<$G$1),"Overdue",""), with =TODAY() or an as-of date in G1.

Result on the example: one result per row in D2, filled down to D7
Works in: Every current version
Google Sheets: Same formula

See it work

The formula is already in D2, filled down to D7. Change any input and the result updates, or edit the formula to experiment.

How it works

Dates are numbers, so B2<$G$1 asks whether the due date is earlier than the as-of date. AND adds the second condition, that no payment date has been entered. INV-303 is due today, which is not yet overdue. In a live sheet put =TODAY() in G1; a fixed date keeps a report reproducible.

=IF(AND(C2="",B2<$G$1),"Overdue","")

Result""

C210/12/2026
The value in C2.
C2=""FALSE
The = operator tests whether the two sides are equal.
B210/15/2026
The value in B2.
$G$110/29/2026
The value in G1.
B2<$G$1TRUE
The < operator tests less than.
AND(C2="",B2<$G$1)FALSE
AND: TRUE if every argument is true.
- logical1C2=""FALSE
- logical2B2<$G$1TRUE
IF(AND(C2="",B2<$G$1),"Overdue","")""
IF: Returns one value if a test is true, another if false.
- logical_testAND(C2="",B2<$G$1)FALSE
- value_if_true"Overdue"not used
- value_if_false""

In Google Sheets

The same formula works in Google Sheets: =IF(AND(C2="",B2<$G$1),"Overdue",""). We ran it in Google Sheets mode on the same data and it returns the same results.

Other ways to do it

Each one was run on the same example sheet.

Formula	Result	When to use it
=IF(C2<>"","",IF(B2<$G$1,"Overdue",""))	, Overdue, …	The same logic as nested IFs: paid rows stop at the first test.
=IF(AND(C2="",B2<$G$1),$G$1-B2,"")	, 9, …Different result	Shows how many days overdue instead of a label. Shows 9 and 28 days instead of "Overdue".

Common mistakes

Comparing with a typed date in quotes, like B2<"10/29/2026", compares a number with text and never works. Use a cell, TODAY() or DATE(2026,10,29).
Due dates imported as text never compare correctly. Check with =ISNUMBER(B2).
Without the paid check, every invoice from last month shows as overdue even after it was paid.

Try it yourself

Same data, empty answer cell. Your formula is graded instantly, then re-checked on changed data, so a typed-in number won't pass.

Check if a date is past due

In D2, show "Overdue" when the invoice is unpaid and its due date is before the date in G1. Fill down to D7.

Questions

How do I highlight overdue rows instead?

Use the test as a conditional formatting rule on the whole table: =AND($C2="",$B2<TODAY()).

How do I count overdue invoices?

Use COUNTIFS: =COUNTIFS(C2:C7,"",B2:B7,"<"&G1).

Checked by running on 2026-10-30: every formula and result on this page was calculated by the Spreadsheet Practice formula engine, in both Excel and Google Sheets modes.