How to calculate percent of row total in Excel

Q: How do I calculate percent of column total instead?

Lock the rows instead of the columns: =B2/SUM(B$2:B$5). Each quarter's regions then add to 100%.

Formula (Excel and Google Sheets)

=B2/SUM($B2:$E2)

Divide each cell by its row's total with the columns locked: =B2/SUM($B2:$E2), filled across and down.

Result on the example: one result per row in G2, filled down to J5
Works in: Every current version
Google Sheets: Same formula

See it work

The formula is already in G2, filled down to J5. Change any input and the result updates, or edit the formula to experiment.

How it works

$B2:$E2 has the columns locked but not the row. Filled across, it stays on B to E, so every quarter is divided by the same row total; filled down, it moves to the next region. Each row of percentages adds up to 100%.

East did 30% of its year in Q3.

=B2/SUM($B2:$E2)

Result0.24

B2120
The value in B2.
$B2:$E21 row × 4 cols: 120, 135, 150, 95
A range: 4 cells in one row.
SUM($B2:$E2)500
SUM: Adds numbers and ranges. Skips text and blanks.
- number1$B2:$E21 row × 4 cols: 120, 135, 150, 95
B2/SUM($B2:$E2)0.24
The / operator divides.

In Google Sheets

The same formula works in Google Sheets: =B2/SUM($B2:$E2). We ran it in Google Sheets mode on the same data and it returns the same results.

Other ways to do it

Each one was run on the same example sheet.

Formula	Result	When to use it
=B2/($B2+$C2+$D2+$E2)	24.0% 27.0% 30.0% 19.0%, 20.0% 22.5% 27.5% 30.0%, 24.0% 24.0% 24.0% 28.0%…	Adds the quarters explicitly, which also works when the columns to total aren't next to each other.

Common mistakes

Writing $B$2:$E$2 locks the row too, so every region is divided by East's total.
Leaving the $ off the columns makes the range slide right as you fill across.

Try it yourself

Same data, empty answer cell. Your formula is graded instantly, then re-checked on changed data, so a typed-in number won't pass.

Calculate percent of row total

In G2, calculate East's Q1 sales as a share of East's yearly total, then fill across to column J and down to row 5.

Questions

How do I calculate percent of column total instead?

Lock the rows instead of the columns: =B2/SUM(B$2:B$5). Each quarter's regions then add to 100%.

Can a pivot table do this?

Yes: Show Values As, % of Row Total.

Checked by running on 2026-10-30: every formula and result on this page was calculated by the Spreadsheet Practice formula engine, in both Excel and Google Sheets modes.